Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis Richelieu
| “ | Very well, in the name of God. | „ |
| ~ Cardinal Richelieu's famous quote in the 1993 Disney movie The Three Musketeers. |
| “ | Evil is just a point of view. | „ |
| ~ Cardinal Richelieu's famous catchphrase in the 2011 steampunk film The Three Musketeers. |
Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal-Duke of Richelieu and of Fronsac, commonly referred to as Cardinal Richelieu (French: Cardinal de Richelieu [kaʁdinal d(ə) ʁiʃ(ə)ljø]), also known as Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis, is a French clergyman, noble and statesman, who serves as the leading main antagonist of the 1844 historical novel The Three Musketeers (French: Les Trois Mousquetaires [le tʁwa muskətɛʁ]) by Alexandre Dumas. he was the King's chief minister, who plots against the Queen in resentment at having his advances rebuffed. Dumas describes him as being "36 or 37" though in 1625 Richelieu was forty.
Biography[]
His Eminence is supposed to provide spiritual guidance for the people of France and their King, but instead plots and schemes for money and power and, most of all, to satisfy his sexual desires. It is quite rare to see a man so close to God lusting to be so close to beautiful women, particularly the lovely Queen Anne.
The ruthless Cardinal's self-serving conduct and his association with the wicked Captain Rochefort provide plenty of underhanded resistance against everything King Louis is trying to accomplish in his own country. The Cardinal, meanwhile, hopes to reach an agreement with England's Duke of Buckingham to bring their two countries together under their power. Installed as the religious and political leader of the nation, the Cardinal believes he can be unstoppable. Before that can happen, however, the King's guards have something to say about that.
The Musketeers have served the throne for years, but upon Rochefort's orders to disband the guard, there appears to be no stopping the Cardinal's evil plans. Enter The Three Musketeers: Aramis, Athos, and Porthos. They defy the Cardinal by keeping the Musketeers' spirit alive and together with a young Musketeer wannabe, D'Artagnan, thwart his plans to bring the secret alliance with England to bear. However, the plans are more elaborate than they first believed the Cardinal plans to have the King assassinated as well.
Rushing home to France, the Three Musketeers and D'Artagnan foil the assassination attempt. The Musketeers reunite with their guard brothers to fight off the Cardinal's loyal guards and storm the castle, where the King and Queen are being held. At one point, the Cardinal himself pulls out a gun and shoots Aramis, allowing for an escape attempt. In the end, though, Aramis would return to capture the man of God, and the King himself would punch his lights out.
Cardinal Richelieu admits freely to those he hopes to ensnare how much of a man he is, a man driven by greed, power, and lust. He schemes to get his hands on everything and everyone and does not abide failure or dissent. He is not as charming as he thinks he is, but he certainly is intimidating. And his years in the service of France and God have taught him a thing or two, particularly: you don't want the Musketeers in your way. It is such a pity for him that he could never execute his plans - and his King - in time.
Other Media[]
As of April 2013, the Internet Movie Database lists ninety-four films and television programs in which Cardinal Richelieu is a character. Richelieu is one of the clergymen most frequently portrayed in the film. He is usually portrayed as a sinister character, but the 1950 Cyrano de Bergerac showed him (in a scene not from Rostand's original verse drama), as compassionate to Cyrano's financial plight, and playfully having enjoyed the duel at the theatre.
The late George Arliss portrayed as Caridinal Richelieu in the 1935 film The Three Musketeers.
The late Raymond Massey played Richelieu in Under the Red Robe (1937), based on Stanley J. Weyman's swashbuckling novel of the same title. Likewise an earlier 1923 silent film was produced Under the Red Robe directed by Alan Crosland.
The 1839 play Richelieu, also known as the Conspiracy, by the late Edward Bulwer-Lytton, portrayed Richelieu uttering the now famous line, "The pen is mightier than the sword.". The 1935 Cardinal Richelieu, a semi-fictional film treatment of incidents in his career with George Arliss in the role, was based on the play.
The late Vincent Price played the role of Richelieu in the 1948 Technicolor adventure film The Three Musketeers. Not wanting to risk offending Roman Catholics, MGM ensured that the character was never referred to as a cardinal.
The late poet Christopher Logue portrayed Richelieu in the 1971 Ken Russell film The Devils, which is based on Aldous Huxley's The Devils of Loudun. He is depicted as cruel and scheming, the true power behind the throne, and also as wheelchair-bound, although at the time of the events depicted, Richelieu was not bed-ridden, as he later became. The role was especially created for this film version.
Umberto Eco's novel The Island of the Day Before (1995) (L'isola del giorno prima, 1994), a story about a 17th-century nobleman marooned across the international date line.
Michael Praed in the television series The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne (2000).
In the first series of Monty Python's Flying Circus, a surrealist-comic courtroom scene featured Michael Palin playing Cardinal Richelieu as a character witness for the defendant; the character was subsequently shown to be a Cardinal Richelieu impersonator. In a later episode, the cardinal—again played by Michael Palin – is shortly seen doing an impersonation of Petula Clark singing Don't Sleep in the Subway. The opening of the first series also featured the painting "Portrait of Cardinal Richelieu" by Philippe de Champaigne, with the Cardinal Richelieu cut-out riding a unicycle chasing a woman.
Cardinal Richelieu made an appearance in the Dinosaur King anime series' second season for a few episodes as an antagonist.
The Cardinal appears in the first series of the BBC One series The Musketeers where he was portrayed by Peter Capaldi (who also plays Malcolm Tucker). He had a mistress named Adele whom he later had killed after learning that she was cheating on him with another man (whom he later learned to be Aramis). Sometime before the events of the second series, the Cardinal died and his funeral was attended by the King and the Musketeers whilst his position as First Minister was given to Rochefort. The reason why the Cardinal was killed off was due to Peter Capaldi being unable to continue the role due his commitments to Doctor Who (where he plays The Twelfth Doctor).
In the Japanese anime adaptation of The Three Musketeers, Cardinal Richelieu serves the same role as in the original novel.
Portrayals[]
Richelieu has been portrayed by several actors in the various adaptations The Three Musketeers.' They include:
- The late George Arliss in the 1935 film adaptation.
- The late Vincent Price (who also played Prince Prospero in The Masque of the Red Death, Anton Phibes in The Abominable Dr. Phibes and Dr. Phibes Rises Again, Professor Ratigan in The Great Mouse Detective, King Richard III in the 1962 remake of The Tower of London, Egghead in the 1960s Batman TV show, Professor Henry Jerrod in House of Wax, Dr. Goldfoot in Dr. Goldfoot and the Bikini Machine and Dr. Goldfoot and the Girl Bombs, Matthew Hopkins in Witchfinder General, Lord Edward Whitman in Cry of the Banshee, Edward Lionheart in Theater of Blood, one of the Sub-humans in Fire and Ice, January Q. Irontail in Here Comes Peter Cottontail, Sinister Man in Bloodbath at the House of Death, himself in Escapes, Phantom in the Disneyland Paris attraction Phantom Manor, and Zigzag in The Thief and the Cobbler) in the 1948 film adaptation.
- The late Nobuo Tanaka (who also played DIO in the OVA for JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders) in the 1987-1989 anime adaptation.
- Tim Curry (who also played Frank-N-Furter in The Rocky Horror Picture Show, Hexxus in FernGully: The Last Rainforest, Pennywise the Clown in It, Lord of Darkness in Legend, Wadsworth in Clue, Ben Ravencroft in Scooby-Doo and the Witch's Ghost, Drake in The Pebble and the Penguin, King Chicken in Duckman, Billy Flynn in Criminal Minds, Kilokahn in Superhuman Samurai SyberSquad, Farley Claymore in The Shadow, Big Bayou in Courage the Cowardly Dog, Long John Silver in Muppet Treasure Island, Evil Manta in The Little Mermaid animated series, the Goblin King in Scooby-Doo and the Goblin King, Professor Calamitous in Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius, Belial in The Legend of Atlantis, Slagar the Cruel in Redwall, Big Brother in Johnny Bravo, Dr. Slicer in Recess, Konk in The Pirates of Darkwater, Thaddeus E. Klang in TaleSpin, Taurus Bulba in Darkwing Duck, Maestro Forte in Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas, General Von Talon in Valiant, El Malefico in Mucha Lucha: The Return of El Malefico, Anatoly Cherdenko in Command & Conquer: Red Alert 3, Mouse King in Barbie and the Nutcracker, Philippe in Barbie and The Three Musketeers, - in the 1993 film adaptation.
- Christoph Waltz - who alsoand played Hans Landa in Inglorious Baterds, Ernst Stavro Blofeld in Spectre, Walter Keane in Big Eyes, Léon Rom in The Legend of Tarzan, Mandrake in Epic, and Benjamin Chudnofsky in The Green Hornet) in the 2011 adaptation.
- Peter Capaldi (who also played Angel Islington in Neverwhere, Ronnie Pilfrey in Fortysomething, Malcolm Tucker in The Thick of It and The Thinker in The Suicide Squad) in the BBC TV series The Musketeers.
Gallery[]
Trivia[]
- Many landmarks were named to honor the real-life Cardinal Richelieu whom the fictional corrupt clergyman was inspired by. They include:
- Richelieu, Indre-et-Loire, a town founded by the Cardinal.
- Avenue Richelieu, located within Shawinigan in Quebec, Canada;
- The provincial electoral distric) provincial electoral district of Richelieu] in Quebec, Canada.
- Richelieu River, in Montérégie, Quebec.
- A wing of the Louvre in Paris, France.
- Rue de Richelieu, a Parisian street named in the Cardinal's honor, and places located in this street, as the Paris Métro station Richelieu-Drouot, or the historical site of the Bibliothèque nationale de France.
- 4 warships of the French Navy.
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