Jin Dynasty (in Chinese: 晉朝), also known as Western Jin (in Chinese: 西晉) and Eastern Jin, are the final antagonistic faction in the 14th-century Chinese classic novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by the late Luo Guanzhong, and its multiple adaptations. They are formed at the end of the Three Kingdoms period, led by Sima Yi, and later Sima Shi, Sima Zhao and Sima Yan. Though it unified China under one ruler, the dynasty's rule was short-lived by internal strife and corruption, particularly due to Sima Yan's oppressive and corrupt rule and his indecicive descision to share power to his own family, appointing inadequate successor Sima Zhong and arrange a marriage between Sima Zhong and evil Jia Nanfeng, daughter of Jia Chong, lead to the Sima family killing each other for power and throne and later forigern barbarians invade China, plunged China into centuries of civil war that never united in peace.
History[]
After Wei second emperor Cao Rui's death, Cao Shuang and Sima Yi later served as co-regent for Emperor Cao Fang, but Cao Shuang become greedy for power, lead Sima Yi to lay low to wait the opportunity come. By the time while Cao Shuang and his brothers accompanied the emperor on a visit to the Gaoping tombs, Sima Yi, along with his sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao staged a coup d'état; taking control of the capital city of Luoyang and forcimg Empress Dowager Guo issuing a memorial which listed out the various crimes Cao Shuang had committed, but Sima Yi explained to Cao Shuang that he only wanted himself to surrender and give up his powers and promised nothing will harm Cao Shuang. Although Cao Shuang and his brothers peacefully surrendered, Sima Yi broke his promise and executed them, along their family and followers by tricking them plotting against him so he can easily arrested Cao Shuang and his followers without "breaking promise". Thus, Cao Shuang's death not only lead Sima clan take over control Wei power and the emperor as puppet, but also forced Xiahou Ba, son of Xiahou Yuan and a family member connected to Cao Shuang, defected to Shu because Sima Yi felt that Xiahou Ba, stationed in the west, was a potential threat to his desires, and summoned him to the capital with the intent of executing him, which Ba rebelled and defeated.
After Sima Yi's death, both his sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao succeeded him and laying the plan to suppress Wei court and trap them in their plan. Cao Fang attempted to plot against Sima brothers by writting the edict with the blood from his finger and handed it over to Zhang Qi, Xiahou Xuan and Li Feng, which compared to Dong Cheng and emperor Xian, who tried to assassinate Cao Cao in the past. However, Sima Shi and Sima Zhao discovered the plot and executed Cao Fang's three associates, along with strangling his wife Empress Zhang, Sima Shi dethroned Cao Fang and replaced with Cao Mao, which caused the rebellion of Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin. Although the rebellion was wiped out, Sima Shi died afterward due to his eye infection (possibly a cataract or commonly stated to be an eye tumor) and Zhang Qi, Xiahou Xuan and Li Feng's ghost haunted him. Sima Zhao succeeded his older brother and control Wei court.
Zhuge Dan, just like Xiahou Ba, rebelled aganist Sima Zhao as Zhao thinks he will be a potential threat to his desires, and summoned him to the capital to execute him, which Dan rebelled afterward. But when Zhuge Dan executed Wen Qin, who survived from failed second rebellion and fled to Wu, Wen Yang and his brother Wen Hu fled to Sima Zhao, which led to less soliders and rebellion failure, Zhuge Dan and his family were executed.
Sima Zhao planned to eliminate Cao Mao by oppressing Cao Mao in the court, force Cao Mao himself led his own army to kill Sima Zhao, but as Zhao planned, his right-hand Jia Chong ordered Cheng Ji to kill Cao Mao afterward, causing Cao Mao's army fled and horrified Sima Fu, Zhao's uncle and Sima Yi's third brother who loyal to Wei. The public wanted Jia Chong to be punished for killing emperor but Cheng Ji was executed along with his family, Jia Chong was spared but his reputation is ruined and Sima Zhao appointed Cao Huan as new emperor.
Sima Zhao orders Deng Ai and Zhong Hui to attack Shu, which Deng Ai forced Liu Shan to surrender and Jiang Wei surrender himself to Zhong Hui as a plan to trick Zhong Hui. Deng Ai offers Sima Zhao a plan to stay behind to fight Wu, Sima Zhao ordered Deng Ai to wait for the proposal to be approved before doing so, but Deng Ai, relying on great merit, expressed his desire to act on his own without having to obey imperial orders, which Zhong Hui and Jiang Wei framed him for treason and Sima Zhao ordered them to arrested Deng Ai. But Sima Zhao aware Zhong Hui's ambition so he tricked Zhong Hui and Jiang Wei and Wei forces killed both of them, Deng Ai also being killed afterward. Sima Zhao brought Liu Shan to Luoyang and granted as Duke of Anke.
As Sima Zhao died, his oldest son Sima Yan succeeded him and overthrowed Wei to establish Jin dynasty, later conquer Wu ruled by Sun Hao, Sun Quan grandson. But Sima Yan become more corrupted and tyrant, already made the land suffered horrible life and when he died, his indecicive descision to share power to his own family, appointing inadequate successor Sima Zhong and arrange a marriage between Sima Zhong and evil Jia Nanfeng, daughter of Jia Chong, lead to the Sima family killing each other for power and throne, later forigern barbarians invade China, plunged China into centuries of civil war that never united in peace.
Trivia[]
- In Dynasty Warriors game series, the faction symbolized by a light blue color and a qilin; Dynasty Warriors 9 associates them with white.
- Jin was having the religions, including Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Chinese folk religion. All the peoples were speaks with a Chinese accent.
- To nowadays, the Jin dynasty was considered a despicable dynasty worse than Wei dynasty due to treacherous, betrayal, breaking promise, killing emperor, using subordinates as pawn and killing innocent people. This is the reason why Romance of Three Kingdoms favor Shu and disgust Wei, Wu and Jin because no one liked Jin Dynasty.
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Wei Empire Wu Empire Shu Empire Jin Empire Other Villains Lu Bu's Army Nanman Tribe Yellow Turbans Yuan Shao's Army Zhong Dynasty Others | ||